Introduction
Menstrual disorders are common concerns that can affect women at various stages of their reproductive lives. These disorders can range from minor inconveniences to significant health issues that impact daily life. Understanding menstrual disorder types, causes, and management strategies is essential for maintaining health and well-being.
What Are Menstrual Disorders?
Menstrual disorders refer to any irregularities or abnormalities in the menstrual cycle. The typical cycle lasts between 21 and 35 days, with menstruation occurring for 2 to 7 days. When a woman experiences deviations from this norm, it may indicate a menstrual disorder.
Common Types of Menstrual Disorders
1. Dysmenorrhea (Painful Periods)
– Primary Dysmenorrhea: Painful periods without an underlying medical condition, often starting during adolescence.
– Secondary Dysmenorrhea: Menstrual pain caused by a condition such as endometriosis or fibroids.
2. Amenorrhea (Absence of Periods)
– Primary Amenorrhea: When menstruation has not started by age 15.
– Secondary Amenorrhea: The absence of periods for three months or more in someone who previously had regular cycles.
3. Menorrhagia (Heavy Menstrual Bleeding)
– Symptoms**: Excessive blood loss that interferes with daily activities, passing large blood clots, or bleeding lasting more than 7 days.
4. Oligomenorrhea (Infrequent Periods)
– Definition: Periods that occur infrequently or with long gaps between cycles.
5. Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)
– Symptoms: Physical and emotional symptoms such as bloating, mood swings, and fatigue occurring before menstruation.
6. Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)
– Definition: A severe form of PMS marked by intense mood disturbances, depression, and physical symptoms.